Fertility Decline and Age Structure Transition in Southern States of India

The rapid economic growth and resulted impact on house hold income in India have been accompanied by major rapid changes in population. Hence, this has also resulted in the overall fertility decline in the country. During the recent decades of development, especially in the post liberalization period the country as a whole has witnessed not only economic growth but also expansion of infrastructural facilities, unexpectedly, this has provided added impetus to population growth through a demographic transition. There have been significant changes in the entire course of population movement in India, especially in the growth and distribution of population and more importantly in its age structure transition. In view of this, the present exercise tried to analyze the major changes in population groups such as children, youth, adults and elderly population with respect to southern states of India. The data for the study have come from Census, Sample Registration System (SRS) and indiastat.com website. For the study a comparative analysis has been done to examine the effects of TFR decline on changing age structure population during the recent decades i.e. from 1991 to 2011 across the southern states of India.