The papers submitted to the session 03-17 included a large number of outstanding papers. There were 4 papers that focused on an emerging very important theme, early life stress and its long-term health consequences, but these could not be included in the primary 03-17 session because of lack of space. These four papers (1669, 2426, 3968, 4137) analyze the long-term health consequences of early life stress from various complementary perspectives, covering early life nutritional deprivation, migration, disease exposure, and maternal stress due to an uprising. The papers also cover a broad range of geographic areas (China, South Korea, Europe) and most importantly, they are all very solid analyzes of the consequences and mechanisms through which early life stress permanently influences later life health. These excellent papers would deserve an oral presentation, and they form a consistent session that focuses on an important population health question that has strong policy implications. Therefore I strongly suggest that an additional session is granted for these papers.