Séance poster : Migrations internes et urbanisation (2)

This research, based on information from the 2000 and 2010 census, endeavours to extract, from this complex social process, some data and hypotheses on the relationship between recent changes in mobility at the international border of Brazilian Legal Amazonia and the increase in urbanisation rates in the region. As a result, it will also be aimed at analysing the meaning of recent internal and international mobility in the border area of Brazil and its typologies identified in the 2010 census.

Study conducted with the collaboration of Marc Pilon, demographer and research director at the IRD (French research institute for development). The data analysed are taken from general population and housing censuses in Mali. A brief description of four censuses is followed by an in-depth analysis of the two most recent censuses (1998 and 2009). In addition to the fundamental interest of the subject, one of the aims is to exploit census data which can provide answers to several research questions. In reality, census data in numerous African countries are not used to their full potential. The existence of data relating to place of birth, place of residence at the time of the census and the previous place of residence enable a “migratory status” variable to be created for children by combining the three places of residence. After examining the quality of the data collected and exposing the relative limits of the census data when seeking to define the migratory process, the main results are presented in terms of the intensity of child migration (at different ages and by sex), characterisation of the profile of migrant children, geographical approach, correspondence with schooling, highlighting of evolutions.

Urbanisation and internal migration have altered the face of the Algerian population in less than a generation. More than half of the Algerian population lives in an urban area. While remaining strong and mostly urban, the migratory movement seems to be working its way inland. The initial dominance of large coastal towns has been rebalanced in favour of small inland wilayas, particularly in the south. This has been combined with an advanced demographic transition which has led to a geographical disparity of ageing in wilayas that absorb a large population in search of work. Job-seekers move to the outskirts and neighbouring wilayas, due to saturation, depriving the original wilayas of their work force and leaving an aged population behind. The flow of immigrants towards the outskirts of large towns shows that precarious types of urbanisation are not accidental but offer a coherent response on the part of the poor classes to job scarcity and housing shortages. Our aim is to map internal migrations according to age and geographical ageing disparity by wilaya with a projection to 2025. The data used are census results and recent studies published by the Statistics Office.