Predictors of safer sexual practices among men and women in sub-Saharan Africa: Evidence from population-based survey in Tanzania

Research in sub-Saharan Africa indicates that men and women are at high risk of acquiring sexually transmitted infections (STIs), including HIV. There is considerable evidence that safer sexual practices (e.g., using condoms) is effective in reducing the risks of contracting HIV. Very few studies, however, have examined the predictors of such interventions in Tanzania, where HIV prevalence is high and heterosexual intercourse is the main mode of HIV transmission. Using data from the 2007-08 Tanzania HIV/AIDS and Malaria indicators Survey (THMIS), this study examines how risk perception, risky sexual behavior, and knowledge of HIV/AIDs affect condom use. Our findings underscore the importance of AIDs-related knowledge, HIV testing and engaging in risky sexual behavior in the decision to use condoms at last sexual intercourse. Addressing these issues through education campaigns, including encouraging testing for HIV and continued use of condom should be an important component of HIV prevention effects in Tanzania.