New Session Name proposed by the Convener considering the contents of the submissions accepted.

Geriatric trauma shapes mortality in a tephritid fly

Abstract
One of the most important questions in research on the biodemography of human aging involves the extent to which early life conditions affect frailty and mortality at advanced ages. We addressed this question experimentally by manipulating dietary conditions of Mexican fruit fly cohorts at younger and older ages. The study yielded five main results: (1) frailty at transfer age (55 days) was far greater in flies maintained on lower quality diet (sugar) at early ages than those maintained on full diets for both sexes; (2) using mortality as a proxy, within-treatment frailty was far greater in males than in females at all advanced ages; (3) remaining life expectancy at advanced ages depended on both past and current dietary conditions for both sexes. Thus the mortality was not memoryless as has been reported in several other studies;. (4) after the initial 1- to 3-day mortality spike due to transfer stress, age-specific mortality for many treatments differed in scale but not in pattern—several were largely age-independent; (5) egg production in older females was drastically affected by past and current conditions. Implications for understanding the effects of early life experience on old age frailty and mortality in human populations will be discussed.
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Event ID
17
Session 2
Paper presenter
48 237
Type of Submissions
Regular session presentation, if not selected I agree to present my paper as a poster
Language of Presentation
English
Initial Second Choice
Weight in Programme
4
Status in Programme
1

Interactions between ADRB2 Gene and the Social/ behavioral Factors May Affect Health at Advanced Ages

Abstract
Analysis of genotype/phenotype data from 877 individuals aged 90+ found that adjusted for various potentially confounding factors, carrying ADRB2-2718 or ADRB2-2719 minor alleles significantly reduced risk of negative emotion. Interactions between carrying ADRB2-2718 or ADRB2-2719 minor allele and negative emotion significantly reduced cognitive function. Interactions between carrying ADRB2-2718 minor allele and regular exercise significantly increased cognitive function; interactions between carrying ADRB2-2718 or ADRB2-2719 minor allele and regular exercise significantly increased likelihood of self-reporting good health; interactions between carrying ADRB2-2719 minor allele and social-leisure activities significantly increased likelihood of self-reporting good health.
Positive effects of regular exercise and social-leisure activities on cognition and self-reported health, and adverse effect of negative emotion on cognition were much stronger among carriers of ADRB2 alleles, compared to non-carriers. This implies that health promotion programs considering individuals’ genetic profiles(with appropriate protection of privacy/confidentiality) would yield increased benefits and reduced costs to the programs and their participants.
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Event ID
17
Paper presenter
56 140
Language (Translated)
fr
Title (Translated)
-Les interactions entre le gène ADRB2 et les facteurs sociaux et comportementaux pourraient affecter la santé aux âges avancés
Abstract (Translated)
-L'analyse des données de génotypage/phénotypage de 877 individus de 90 ans et plus a montré qu'après correction pour tenir compte de divers facteurs potentiellement confondants, être porteur des allèles mineurs ADRB2-2718 ou ADRB2-2719 réduit de manière significative les émotions négatives. Les interactions entre les allèles mineurs ADRB2-2718 ou ADRB2-2719 et les émotions négatives réduisent de manière significative la fonction cognitive. Les interactions entre les allèles mineurs ADRB2-2718 et la pratique régulière d'une activité physique améliorent de manière significative la fonction cognitive ; les interactions entre l'allèle mineur ADRB2-2718 ou ADRB2-2719 et la pratique régulière d'une activité physique augmentent de manière significative la probabilité de se déclarer en bonne santé ; les interactions entre la présence de l'allèle mineur ADRB2-2719 et la pratique d'activités sociales ou de loisirs augmentent de manière significative la probabilité de se déclarer en bonne santé. Les effets positifs de la pratique régulière d'une activité physique et des activités sociales et de loisirs sur la cognition et l'état de santé auto-déclaré, et l'effet contraire des émotions négatives sur la cognition sont beaucoup plus marqués chez les porteurs des allèles ADRB2 que chez les non-porteurs. Cela signifie que des programmes de promotion de la santé qui prendraient en compte les profils génétiques des individus (en protégeant et en assurant la confidentialité des données personnelles) permettrait d'améliorer les prestations tout en réduisant les coûts.
Status (Translated)
2
Type of Submissions
Regular session only
Language of Presentation
English
Weight in Programme
2
Status in Programme
1

CONSANGUINEOUS MARRIAGES AND THEIR EFFECT ON PREGNANCY OUTCOMES IN INDIA

Abstract
This study investigates the association between the marriage among the blood relatives
and the adverse pregnancy outcomes based on the data of married women from the nationally
representative India Human Development Survey. The occurrence of consanguineous marriages is
more predominant in the states of southern India and among the socioeconomically disadvantageous
groups. The results of Cox proportional hazard regression model reveal that, the women in
consanguineous union were more likely to have adverse pregnancy outcomes including stillbirths
(RR=1.59, p-value < 0.01), abortions (RR = 3.03, p-value < 0.01), miscarriages (RR=1.94, p-value <
0.01) and spontaneous miscarriages (RR=1.70, p-value < 0.01) than their counterparts in nonconsanguineous
marriage. The consanguineous marriage emerges as a critical predictor of adverse
pregnancy outcomes in India. In order to avoid wastage of pregnancy and related reproductive health
problems in India, it is imperative to initiate awareness creation measures regarding the adverse
effects of consanguineous marriage, particularly in those regions where it is still prevalent.
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Event ID
17
Paper presenter
52 858
Type of Submissions
Regular session presentation, if not selected I agree to present my paper as a poster
Language of Presentation
English
Weight in Programme
1 000
Status in Programme
1

Genomic Assortative Mating in Human Marriages

Abstract
Using GWAS data and about 1,000 married couples from the Framingham Heart study, this analysis investigates genomic assortative mating in human marriages. The study calculates (1) a SNP-specific correlation for each of the 320,195 SNPs, averaging 1,023 married couples and (2) a married couple-specific correlation for each couple, averaging 287,295 SNPs. Of the 320,195 SNP correlations, eight have a p-value 5x10-8 or smaller. These SNPs are all positively correlated for married couples, with a range of 0.16-0.27. The SNPs implicated in genes associated with BMI, height, risk behavior, or the human leukocyte antigen system are further examined. For the half of all SNPs having a more positive assortment, married couples average a statistically significant correlation that is 0.001 higher than randomly paired individuals. Our simulation shows that this difference in correlation can be explained by married couples assorting on about 200 SNPs.
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Event ID
17
Session 2
Paper presenter
35 620
Language (Translated)
fr
Title (Translated)
L'accouplement assortatif génomique dans les mariages humains
Abstract (Translated)
A partir de données GWAS et de l'étude Framingham Heart portant sur environ 1 000 couples mariés, nous analysons l'accouplement assortatif génomique dans les mariages humains. L’étude permet de calculer la corrélation spécifique du SNP pour chacun des 320 195 SNP, qui s'établit en moyenne à 1 023 couples mariés, et (2) la corrélation spécifique des couples mariés pour chaque couple, qui se situe en moyenne à 287 295 SNP. Parmi les 320 195 corrélations SNP, huit ont une valeur p 5x10-8 ou plus petite. Ces SNP sont tous positivement corrélés pour les couples mariés, allant de 0,16 à 0,27. Nous examinons également les SNP impliqués dans les gènes associés à l'IMC, à la taille, aux comportements à risque, ou le système HLA (système d'antigènes de leucocytes humains). Pour la moitié de tous les SNP avec un assortiment plus positif, les couples mariés ont en moyenne une corrélation statistiquement significative supérieure de 0,001 à celle des individus accouplés de manière aléatoire. Notre simulation montre que cette différence de corrélation peut s'expliquer par le fait que les couples mariés s'associent par près de 200 SNP.
Status (Translated)
2
Type of Submissions
Regular session presentation, if not selected I agree to present my paper as a poster
Language of Presentation
English
Initial Second Choice
Weight in Programme
2
Status in Programme
1

Resource allocation as a driver of senescence: Life history tradeoffs produce age patterns of mortality

Abstract
We present a theoretical model of behavior and nutrient allocation for organisms with discrete juvenile (larval) and adult stages, each with distinct diets, nutritional needs and foraging strategies. We predict optimal schedules of foraging and reproduction across a limited lifespan and examine the consequences for nutrient dynamics, paying particular attention to conditions under which it is optimal to tolerate starvation or to conserve resources and how these decisions affect mortality across the life cycle. We derive these optimal behavioral schedules assuming two alternative scenarios of environmental conditions, in which we do or do not impose deterioration in survival with age (senescence). We find that even in the absence of imposed senescence, terminal investment near the end of reproductive lifespans reduced survival probabilities of older individuals. We predicted earlier terminal investment and earlier senescence when reproductive overheads are low and when the survival costs of carbon depletion are small. Our findings suggest that resource allocation decisions alone are sufficient to produce signals of senescence and other age-patterns of mortality in animals optimizing decision schedules across their reproductive life cycles. We conclude that behavioral patterns of individuals can be strong drivers of observed d
confirm funding
Event ID
17
Paper presenter
53 552
Type of Submissions
Regular session presentation, if not selected I agree to present my paper as a poster
Language of Presentation
English
Weight in Programme
3
Status in Programme
1

Effects of genetic architecture and occupation on cognitive functioning

Abstract
Low levels of cognitive ability among older adults have been linked to poorer physical, mental, and social health. Current knowledge on the underlying interplay between genetic and environmental factors on the changes of cognitive functioning among older adults is limited. With the exponential growth of the aging population in the world, understanding the genetic, social, and behavioral processes behind observed individual differences in cognitive function is extremely timely and will provide valuable information for both the scientific community and health related fields. In this study, we will investigate the interactive role of genetic architecture and labor force participation on the trajectory of cognitive decline among older adults. We will test the environmental complexity hypothesis which posits the link between the level of complexity of occupation and cognitive function conditional on genetic architecture. To address methodological limitations in previous studies of gene-environment interaction, we will develop new methods that incorporate genetic architecture including gene, epistasis, and its interaction with environment together. Besides its scientific contributions, furthermore this research will also aid healthcare policymakers in designing new interventions, which in turn will provide better healthcare
confirm funding
Event ID
17
Paper presenter
53 553
Language (Translated)
fr
Title (Translated)
Effets de l'architecture génétique et de la profession sur le fonctionnement cognitif
Abstract (Translated)
Les faibles niveaux des capacités cognitives chez certains jeunes adultes ont été associés à la santé physique, mentale et sociale. Les connaissances actuelles sur les interactions sous-jacentes entre facteurs génétiques et facteurs environnementaux et les modifications du fonctionnement cognitif chez les jeunes adultes sont limitées. Face à la croissance exponentielle de la population âgée dans le monde, la compréhension des processus génétiques, sociaux et comportementaux à l'origine des différences individuelles en termes de fonction cognitive est plus que jamais d'actualité et permettra d'apporter des informations précieuses aux scientifiques comme aux acteurs de la santé. Dans cette étude, nous examinerons le rôle interactif de l'architecture génétique et de l'emploi sur la trajectoire du déclin cognitif chez les adultes âgés. Nous testerons l'hypothèse de la complexité environnementale qui suppose un lien entre le niveau de complexité de la profession exercée et la fonction cognitive tributaire de l'architecture génétique. Pour pallier les limites méthodologiques des études antérieures de l'interaction gène - environnement, nous mettrons au point de nouvelles méthodes permettant de prendre en compte l'architecture génétique, y compris les gènes, l'épistasie, ainsi que son interaction avec l'environnement. Au-delà de ses contributions scientifiques, cette recherche permettra d'aider les décideurs de la santé à concevoir de nouveaux dispositifs, qui permettront à leur tour d'offrir de meilleurs soins de santé.
Status (Translated)
2
Type of Submissions
Regular session presentation, if not selected I agree to present my paper as a poster
Language of Presentation
English
Weight in Programme
1 000
Status in Programme
1

Statistical distance: A promising measure of physiological dysregulation in biodemographic studies

Abstract
Many biodemographic studies incorporate biomarkers of physiological dysregulation and/or allostatic load. However, it is not clear how well these measures represent a global process of dysregulation, nor whether the various biomarkers incorporated into summary measures have been appropriately weighted or considered. Here we introduce a measure based on statistical distance – how common or rare a combination of variables is, according to its multivariate distribution – as an alternative approach to measuring physiological dysregulation. The measure is based on the principle that the more “strange” an individual’s biomarker profile is relative to a baseline population (used to define the distribution, ideally composed of young, healthy individuals), the more dysregulation is occurring. We use three examples to show strengths and limitations of the method. The biomarkers included must be chosen carefully (based on statistical or biological criteria) and the interpretation should be made in light of the variables included. Suites of appropriately chosen variables can help illuminate underlying physiology as well as serve as useful proxies for both mortality risk and biological age. Individual trajectories of statistical distance and in multivariate space are extensions that may help in understanding mortality and disease risk.
confirm funding
Event ID
17
Session 2
Paper presenter
53 347
Type of Submissions
Regular session presentation, if not selected I agree to present my paper as a poster
Language of Presentation
English
Initial Second Choice
Weight in Programme
1
Status in Programme
1