The Relative Risk Associated with Initiation of Contraceptive Use in India

Abstract
The paper attempts to examine the timing of initiation of contraceptive use and relative risk after recent childbirth among currently married women by sociology-economic and demographic characteristics. We tested the hypothesis-whether women who do not want any additional child initiate early use of contraceptive method. Cox-regression model has been used to analyze the first time available calendar data in NFHS-3(2005-06). Interestingly, for illiterate women the acceptance of family planning at 3+ living children as first use has gone up from 38 to 43 percent during 1992 to 2006 (NFHS-1 to NFHS-3). Prevalence of limiting method users is increasing over the period and most of the women have gone for sterilization in same month of last birth (i.e. around 35 percent) in India. The multivariate analysis suggests that antenatal care visits and place of delivery (institution) affects the relative risk to initiate the use of contraceptive method after child birth.
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Event ID
17
Session
Contraception, unintended pregnancy and induced abortion
Session 2
Contraceptive use dynamics in developing countries
Paper presenter
52 417
Type of Submissions
Regular session presentation, if not selected I agree to present my paper as a poster
Language of Presentation
English
First Choice History
Contraception, unintended pregnancy and induced abortion
Initial First Choice
Contraception, unintended pregnancy and induced abortion
Initial Second Choice
Contraceptive use dynamics in developing countries
Weight in Programme
2
Status in Programme
1

Determinants of contraceptive choices in Malawi

Abstract
This paper uses data from the 2000 and 2004 Demographic and Health Surveys to examine the factors explaining the contraceptive method choice in Malawi. Multinomial logistic regressions were used to study the determinants of the contraceptive method-choice. The results show that the major determinants of contraceptive use are age, respondents’ and partners’ approval of family planning, family planning discussion with partner, number of living children, work status, education and visit to a health centre. As a policy measure, information, education and communication programmes on family planning should be intensified, particularly in rural areas and targeting men.

Key words: Malawi, Contraceptive use, logistic regression, socio-economic, Demographic and health survey
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Event ID
17
Session
Determinants of contraceptive use and method choice
Session 2
Repositioning family planning
Paper presenter
47 974
Language (Translated)
en
Title (Translated)
-
Abstract (Translated)
-
Status (Translated)
1
Type of Submissions
Regular session presentation, if not selected I agree to present my paper as a poster
Language of Presentation
English
First Choice History
Contraceptive use dynamics in developing countries
Initial First Choice
Contraceptive use dynamics in developing countries
Initial Second Choice
Repositioning family planning
Weight in Programme
1 000
Status in Programme
1
Title in Programme
Les déterminants des choix contraceptifs au Malawi

Factors Influencing Family Planning use in Nigeria: A secondary analysis of 2008 National Demographic Health Survey

Abstract
Background
Nigeria’s contraceptive prevalence rate of 10% (NDHS 2008) for modern methods has remained static over the past 20 years. Similarly, the total fertility rate (TFR) in Nigeria has not shown any appreciable change floating between 5.9 in 1999, 5.7 in 2003 and 5.7 in 2008 (NDHS 2008).

Objective
The analysis aimed to assess key influencing factors of need for and use of Family Planning (FP) and duration of use.

Methodology
A secondary analysis of the 2008 Nigerian DHS focusing on both proximate and distal factors that influence the need, use, and duration of FP use was conducted.
Results
Analysis of the four proximate factors showed that both ideal family size and knowledge of modern FP methods are important factors influencing the need for and use of FP among urban women in Nigeria.

Knowledge Contribution
These findings indicated that for NURHI to achieve its goal of increasing CPR by 20% over five years, there is strong need to focus on three key strategies: increasing the proportion of women who want to delay, limit or stop childbearing; convert a greater proportion of unmet need into met need; and reducing the proportion of contraceptive users who discontinue using their contraceptive methods.


Keywords
NDHS 2008, direct influence, indirect influence, urban, Family Planning, Nigeria
confirm funding
Event ID
17
Session
Contraceptive use dynamics in developing countries
Session 2
Contraception, unintended pregnancy and induced abortion
Paper presenter
55 943
Type of Submissions
Regular session presentation, if not selected I agree to present my paper as a poster
Language of Presentation
English
First Choice History
Contraceptive use dynamics in developing countries
Initial First Choice
Contraceptive use dynamics in developing countries
Initial Second Choice
Contraception, unintended pregnancy and induced abortion
Weight in Programme
1 000
Status in Programme
1

Patterns and trends in contraceptive use dynamics in the Philippines: 1993-2008

Abstract
In the Philippines, less than half of currently married women use a contraceptive method, a level which has remained stagnant in the past ten years. To get a clearer understanding of the contraceptive behavior of Filipino women, the study examines the changes in the patterns of contraceptive discontinuation and switching behavior over time using data from the 1993, 1998, 2003 and 2008 Philippine Demographic Health Surveys. The data show a decline in discontinuation for all methods except for withdrawal. Nearly half of discontinuations of rhythm and withdrawal are due to unintended pregnancy while side effects is the most common reason for discontinuing use of pills, IUD and injectables. Younger women (<30 years old), poor women, and less empowered women exhibited higher discontinuation rates than their counterparts. Results also show an upward pattern in the switching rates to modern methods regardless of the method of origin. Switching rates to modern methods are higher than the switching rates to traditional methods in all subgroups of women regardless of the initial method. The findings suggest the need to encourage women to maintain their contraceptive use particularly of modern methods and to focus efforts on the identified subgroups of women with higher risk of unintended pregnancies.
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Event ID
17
Session
Contraceptive use dynamics in developing countries
Session 2
Sexuality and reproductive health
Paper presenter
47 971
Type of Submissions
Regular session presentation, if not selected I agree to present my paper as a poster
Language of Presentation
English
First Choice History
Contraceptive use dynamics in developing countries
Initial First Choice
Contraceptive use dynamics in developing countries
Initial Second Choice
Sexuality and reproductive health
Weight in Programme
1 000
Status in Programme
1

Spousal Communication and decision making on family planning : Findings from a study of a Peri-Urban Community of Ipetumodu, Southwest Nigeria

Abstract
Objectives: This study examined the inter-relationship between spousal communication and level of family planning use.
Methodology
This study is based on the baseline data from a longitudinal couple study in a peri-urban community, Ipetumodu, in Osun State, Nigeria collected between April and May, 2010. This study is part of a multi-country Family Health and Wealth Study in seven peri-urban communities in five sub-Saharan African countries of Ethiopia, Ghana, Malawi, Nigeria and Uganda.
Results/ Key findings:
Out of 784 women studied, 259 (33%) of the women are currently using a form of contraception. About 397 (51%) women discussed family planning with their husbands . Of these 397, 228 (57 %) are currently using a method. (P<0.0001). The odds of using family planning are 17 times higher among those who discuss family planning with their husbands. The odds of using contraception are 3.5 times higher among those desired lesser family size compared to those who desired more children. Furthermore women who have secondary or more level of education have a higher odds of using family planning
Cnclusion: Our findings also showed that the decision to use ontraceptive is majorly a joint decision between husband and wife
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Event ID
17
Session
Poster Session on Sexuality and reproductive health (2)
Paper presenter
55 906
Type of Submissions
Regular session presentation, if not selected I agree to present my paper as a poster
Language of Presentation
English
First Choice History
Contraceptive use dynamics in developing countries
Initial First Choice
Contraceptive use dynamics in developing countries
Weight in Programme
1 000
Status in Programme
1

Post-abortion contraceptive use and continuation in Nepal

Abstract
Introduction: The study examines post-abortion contraceptive use over 12 months among women receiving induced abortion services in Nepal.
Data and Methods: The data are from a prospective cohort study of abortion clients at four health facilities. Overall, 838 women were enrolled; 654 completed 6-month interviews, and 624 completed 12-month interviews. Life table analysis methods were used to estimate contraceptive continuation and pregnancy. Further analyses will be conducted using Cox proportional hazards models to estimate factors associated with method continuation and pregnancy.
Results: At baseline, 57% of women reported adopting a modern method of contraception. This percentage dropped to 52% at 6 months and 50% at 12 months, with changes in the methods used. The overall contraceptive continuation rate for female controlled effective modern methods was 58.2 per 100 person-years. The continuation rate for the injectable was 49.6/100 person-years and for the pill was 63.8/100 person years. Although few women initiated use of long-acting reversible contraception (3.5%), continuation rates were higher for these methods than for the pill or injectable (92.3/ 100 person years, p <.01).
Conclusions: The results suggest a need to increase use of modern contraceptives by improving service quality, particularly counselling.
confirm funding
Event ID
17
Session
Contraceptive use dynamics in developing countries
Session 2
Contraception, unintended pregnancy and induced abortion
Paper presenter
48 748
Type of Submissions
Regular session presentation, if not selected I agree to present my paper as a poster
Language of Presentation
English
First Choice History
Contraceptive use dynamics in developing countries
Initial First Choice
Contraceptive use dynamics in developing countries
Initial Second Choice
Contraception, unintended pregnancy and induced abortion
Weight in Programme
1 000
Status in Programme
1

FAMILY PLANNING USE AMONG MARRIED ADOLESCENTS IN THREE EAST AFRICAN COUNTRIES

Abstract
Married adolescent girls have received relatively little attention from family planning (FP) and HIV programs. It is frequently assumed that girls who marry early are expected to prove their fertility early in the marriage. Perhaps for this reason, few national FP programs target this group. This paper explores the use of FP among married adolescents using data from 6,569 girls in Ethiopia, Tanzania and Uganda. Nearly two-thirds of married Ethiopian girls were using a method (58%), compared to 21% of Tanzanian girls and 26% of Ugandan girls. The most common method among Ethiopian girls were injectables, while condoms were the primary method used in the other two countries. Among those using FP, 86% of Ethiopian girls were using FP to delay the first birth, compared to 31% in Tanzania. The main reasons for non-use among those who desired FP related to partner refusal. Findings suggest that FP use – including condom use - is acceptable for the earliest marrying girls, many of whom use it to delay the first birth. Involvement of male partner is critical for optimizing FP use in early marriages.
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Event ID
17
Session
Adolescent pregnancy and fertility
Session 2
Contraceptive use dynamics in developing countries
Paper presenter
50 603
Language (Translated)
fr
Title (Translated)
L'utilisation des services de planification familiale chez les adolescents mariés dans trois pays d'Afrique de l'Est
Abstract (Translated)
Les programmes de planification familiale (PF) et les programmes VIH ont accordé relativement peu de place aux jeunes adolescentes mariées. On présume souvent que les jeunes filles qui se marient à un âge précoce sont amenées à prouver leur fécondité très tôt au cours du mariage. C'est peut-être pour cette raison que peu de programmes nationaux de PF s'adressent à ce groupe. Cette étude examine l'utilisation des programmes de planification familiale chez les adolescents mariés à partir de données portant sur 6 569 jeunes filles d'Ethiopie, de Tanzanie et d'Ouganda. Près de deux tiers des jeunes filles mariées utilisaient une méthode contraceptive en Ethiopie (58 %), comtre seulement 21 % en Tanzanie et 26 % en Ouganda. La méthode contraceptive la plus utilisée par les jeunes filles éthiopiennes sont les contraceptifs injectables, tandis que dans les deux autres pays, ce sont surtout les préservatifs. Parmi les jeunes qui utilisaient les programmes de PF, 86% des jeunes Ethiopiennes le faisaient dans le but de retarder la naissance de leur premier enfant, contre 31% en Tanzanie. La principale raison de la non utilisation de contraceptifs parmi les jeunes qui souhaitaient y recourir est liée au refus du partenaire. Les résultats indiquent que l'utilisation d'une méthode contraceptive, y compris de préservatifs, est acceptable pour les jeunes filles qui se marient à un âge très précoce, pour un grand nombre d'entre elles pour retarder leur première grossesse. L'implication du partenaire masculin est essentiel pour l'optimisation de l'emploi des contraceptifs pour les mariages précoces.
Status (Translated)
2
Type of Submissions
Regular session only
Language of Presentation
English
First Choice History
Adolescent pregnancy and fertility
Initial First Choice
Adolescent pregnancy and fertility
Initial Second Choice
Contraceptive use dynamics in developing countries
Weight in Programme
1 000
Status in Programme
1

Socio-demographic Differentials and Determinants of Contraception Methods Choice among Currently Married Women in India

Abstract
The study is an attempt to understand the contraceptive use pattern and method’s choice among currently married women in India. The present study has been utilized DLSH-3 data which is a nation wide survey and collected information from 643944 ever married women aged 15-49 years regarding family planning, contraception, HIV/RTI and other socio-demographic aspects. Bi-variate and Multivariate analysis have been used for this study. Result shows contraception use increases with women’s age. Prevalence of contraceptive usages is higher among Hindu religion, women having no sex preference of child and women belonging in richest wealth quintiles. Women age is found significant determinant of contraceptive methods choice. Condom use is highest in the youngest age. Female sterilization is higher among poor women where as condom use is higher among richest women. Rural women are 17 percent lees likely and working women are two times more likely to choice condom over sterilization.
confirm funding
Event ID
17
Session
Factors affecting contraceptive continuation and switching
Session 2
Contraception, unintended pregnancy and induced abortion
Paper presenter
52 481
Type of Submissions
Regular session presentation, if not selected I agree to present my paper as a poster
Language of Presentation
English
First Choice History
Contraceptive use dynamics in developing countries
Initial First Choice
Contraceptive use dynamics in developing countries
Initial Second Choice
Contraception, unintended pregnancy and induced abortion
Weight in Programme
1 000
Status in Programme
1

Does age gap between couples influence their contraception and fertility?

Abstract
Contraceptive use is one of the most important determinants of fertility. Couple adopt contraception either to avoid all future births or to postpone the next birth. Very scanty work could be found out on the effect of age gap on contraceptive use and fertility behavior. In this paper an attempt has been made to explore the impact of age gap between spouse on the use of contraceptive and fertility behavior in Madhya Pradesh, where fertility level has been consistently higher and the overall contraceptive use is quite low. The dataset of National Family Health Survey (NFHS-III, 2005-2006) has been used for the present study. This study reveals that though the impact of age gap between spouses on contraceptive use is positive but its effect on the use of any temporary family planning method is negative. This implies that the use of any temporary family planning methods increases with decrease in the age gap between husband and wife. The level of fertility increases with increase in the age gap between husband and wife. Further there is decline in the level of fertility with increase in the educational attainment of husband and wife. Other relevant factors like age at marriage of women, exposure to mass media, religion and caste might also affect the relationship between age gap and fertility.
confirm funding
Event ID
17
Session
Poster session on Sexuality and reproductive health (1)
Session 2
Contraceptive use dynamics in developing countries
Paper presenter
34 828
Type of Submissions
Regular session presentation, if not selected I agree to present my paper as a poster
Language of Presentation
English
Initial First Choice
Contraceptive use dynamics in developing countries
Weight in Programme
14
Status in Programme
1

Contraceptive Myths and Misconceptions: Using Evidence to Inform Communication for Behaviour Change among Young Women in Kenya

Abstract
Sexual behaviour among young people is characterized by erratic, infrequent and unplanned sexual activities, a trend that exposes them to unwanted pregnancy and sexually transmitted infections including HIV. While sexual activity among young women begins early, contraceptive knowledge and use remain low. According to the Kenya Demographic & Health Survey, 2008-09, current contraceptive use (modern methods) among women aged 15-19 and 20-24 is 5% and 24% respectively. Existing communications were mainly targeted at married women, highlighting the need to limit family size or space births, thereby causing a disconnect with the youth whose needs are mainly to delay child bearing. To provide credible information that will dispel myths and misconceptions about modern family planning methods (MFPMs) and use, this paper seeks to: 1) understand method specific myths and misconceptions about MFPMs; 2) recommend appropriate approaches to inform behaviour change communication targeting young women.
confirm funding
Event ID
17
Session
Poster session on Sexuality and reproductive health (1)
Session 2
Repositioning family planning
Paper presenter
34 816
Type of Submissions
Regular session presentation, if not selected I agree to present my paper as a poster
Language of Presentation
English
Initial First Choice
Contraceptive use dynamics in developing countries
Initial Second Choice
Repositioning family planning
Weight in Programme
8
Status in Programme
1
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