Poster session on Sexuality and reproductive health (1)

The Family Planning Program succeed can not only measured by the growth number of family planning users, but we have to look at the effectivity and duration of using contraceptives. Nowadays, the government are trying to rise family planning users and also the effectivity of using contraceptive by changing from Short Term Contraceptive to Long Term Contraceptive.
This study examines the influence of family planning quality services, the source of family planning ways or tools, demographic and socio economic factors on implant discountinuation in Indonesia, based on using contraceptives historical data in 2007 SDKI Data calendar’s data using Cox regression analysis method.
Discountinuation of implant percentage in Indonesia based on 2007 SDKI Data are higher on women who didn’t get an Informed Choice by the last six months, get the implant service source from others (non government), younger ages, have more children still alive, have an elementary and junior-high level of education, live in rural areas and come from low socio economic status.
The risk for implant discountinuation are faster on women that never get informed choice while having family planning services, didn’t get a visit from family planning officer (PLKB) by the last six months, get the implant service source from others (non government), younger

Purpose: This study aimed to assess the key factors predicting admission of unmarried young women to medical facilities for abortion services in China.
Methods: The National Survey on Sexual and Reproductive Health for Unmarried Youth (15-24 years) was conducted in 2009 in China. Of the female respondents (n=10,970), 270 reported needing abortion services in 2009. Classification by random forest was applied to select the most important of 34 variables.
Results: Among the 270 unmarried young women who were in need of abortion services, 165 were admitted to medical facilities, and 105 were not. Psychosocial competence ranked highest and was verified as most important of nine perspectives in predicting admission to medical facilities for abortion services (accuracy rate 89.2%, sensitivity 90.2%, and specificity 86.2%).
Conclusions: Psychosocial competence stands out as an important component of the utilization of abortion services among unmarried young women.

Family planning program in Indonesia has proven effective in reducing the birth rate since 1970, from 5,6 children per woman in 1970 to 2,6 children per woman in 2007 and as well as successfully increased contraceptive prevalence from 15 percent in 1970 to 61,4 percent in 2007. But since 2004, when the decentralization policy has been applied, the family planning program seemed to recede. Indonesia Demographic and Health Survey (IDHS) 2007 showed that for the first time (in six IDHS), TFR Indonesia remained at 2,6 children per woman in 4 years (2003-2007) and the contraceptive prevalence was stagnant at around 60 percent. This could potentially lead to a baby boom in the coming decades, when the cohort of babies who were born in this period time will reproduce in the coming decades. The baby boom’s phenomenon is expected to be minimized by increasing the contraceptive prevalence. Promoting the family planning is one of program that has been conducted by government to increase contraceptive prevalence. Grouping of family planning participants using survival tree is done to get the groups that became the main target of the promotion. Several groups of family planning participant are obtained where they are vulnerable to stop using contraceptive.

The contraceptive use is not only the family planning program but also the strategy to increase women empowerment. Previous studies in Indonesia mostly focused on male participation in family planning, but litle is known about the role of women in decision making for family planning. Therefore, this paper aims to explore disparity in contraceptive use among Indonesian regions by exploring women’s role.
This paper used the 2007 Indonesian Demographic and Health Survey. The sample included 18,183 currently married women aged 15-49 years old. The contraceptive use refers to as using the modern method. The crucial independent variable was combination of gender and decision making. Other control variables were characteristics of women, characteristic of husbands, number of children, and residences. The descriptive statistics, the geographic information system application and logistic regression were applied.
It was found that there was a disparity in contraceptive use between areas and women decision making played an important role in increasing contraceptive use. In addition other variables could help to increase the use of contraception.
The results from this study suggested that to increase women empowerment would reduce disparity in contraception across the country.

Public interest to issue of abortions availability in Russia became actively discussed though ones are legalized since 1920. The increase in birth rates at depopulation and abortions number reduction are considered to be the main. The increase of traditional family values is result of confessional influence. The ideas of restrictive abortions’ legislation are always heard although the official data testifies more than its triple reduction in 1991-2011 to 1124880. «The WHO Strategic Assessment of Policy, Programs and Services in Abortions and Contraception in the RF» (22 focus-groups+549 respondents, 3 Regions), «The Attitudes of Russian Women in making the decision on the childbirth» (1007 respondents, 7 Federal Districts) showed that nonetheless of contraception, abortion ceases to be an individual family size regulator, remaining compulsory measure of «unnecessary» pregnancies termination. Only every seventh respondent is ready to keep unintended pregnancy at state prohibition. Others will achieve abortion by all means (traditional medicine, «abortion-tourism» etc). This decision doesn't connect with social, age, confessional parameters causing only by the desire. Women are looking to «improvement of financial situation» (51%), «support of the husband/partner» (48%) in addition to quality medical care for reproductive choice.

Legalized use of modern family planning methods is relatively new in Albania. Prior to the fall of communism, health services were prohibited to offer family planning.
Actually Family Planning (FP) is now a service offered all over the country in commune level with trained physicians and nurse-midwives to counsel for FP, provide contraceptives, and Logistic Management Information system.
Last ALRHS and ALDHS confirmed that Albanians achieved a TFR of 2.6, primarily through using withdrawal and relying on abortion as a backup method.
While a lot of investments are done from the supply side, the demand side seems to need more effort for increasing the contraceptive use. Albanian couples need to be provided with information on contraceptive methods. Based on the formative research results, an “ONC” was piloted it in two districts in Albania. The intent of ONC approach was to increase couple’s access to information about the benefits of FP and the modern methods available to help couples achieve their reproductive health goals.
After first negotiation counseling, a large proportion of couples changed their behavior yielding a rate of nearly 42.5 % new users from those visited second time concluding that: ONC should be conceptualized as an ongoing process.

About 200 million women of reproductive age in developing countries have unmet need for contraception (unmet need). Family planning is key in achieving Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). It can among other things, curb the AIDS pandemic and reduce infant mortality. Zambia’s unmet level of 27% is higher than the average for sub-Saharan Africa. Understanding correlates of unmet need is crucial to reducing the risk of having unmet need. Previous studies have largely ignored community factors and yet these are more effective policy informing instruments. The study used the 2007 Zambia Demographic Health Survey to examine the role of community- level determinants in explaining differentials in unmet need among currently married women. In view of the nested nature of the data, the study employed the multilevel analytic technique. About 38% of the women belonged to the Bemba/Mambwe ethnic group. The percentage of those with secondary or higher education was 26.9%. Unmet need was highest among women with primary education (66.5%). Rural women had more unmet need compared to urban ones. The random effects at the community level were 47%. There are big differences in unmet need across communities. Therefore, there is need to contextualise family planning services in Zambia.

In Argentina, RH programs focus mainly on family planning and offer their health services (HS) almost exclusively to women, but there is a growing perception that men’s needs have to be attended to, both for their sake and for the sake of women’s well being.
We present results from a household survey which was carried out among men 25-59 years old in the cities of Rosario and Reconquista, Santa Fe province, Argentina. Given the expectation that rates of use would be low men were asked about where would they seek attention in hypothetical situations of need and about the characteristics those HS should have.
In both cities the majority would resort exclusively to HS, except when seeking contraceptives or when having a sexual dysfunction. The young, the single and the childless would resort less to health services than older men. Interviewees preferred services located in the existing ones, with the majority having no preference for the gender of the provider, suggesting that efforts have to concentrate in strengthening the system rather than in creating new RHS for the male popul. However, other results show that populations from the same country and province may defer in some of their health seeking behaviors with signs of the existence of different ideological climates, showing that research has to be context specific.

Indian Family Planning programme has bestowed great deal of responsibility on women over the past five decades. However, it is well known that fertility decision making in traditional rural and patriarchal societies to a great deal be influenced by husbands and other family members. We examine the factors related to the use of contraception and preferred duration of child spacing among economically poor and nonpoor couples in India.

We use the couple data (N=39257) from the third round of National Family Health Survey (Indian version of DHS) conducted in 2005-06. We use wealth index and clubbed the lowest two categories of wealth index (poorest & poorest) to define poor and highest three categories (middle, richer & richest) to define nonpoor couples. We used logistic regression models to predict the likelihood of contraceptive use among couples. We also used ordered logistic regression models to examine the effect of socioeconomic and demographic factors on the length of child spacing.

We found significant differences in the use of contraceptive methods and preferred duration of birth interval among poor and non-poor couples in India. On average, poor couples are more likely to have sorter birth interval and opted for sterilization to restrict child bearing. On the contrary, couples from nonpo

The Government of India piloted a new initiative in 17 states whereby local accredited social health activists (ASHAs) deliver contraceptive methods directly to the households within a modified supply chain designed to avoid stockouts and delays in supply. This paper details a process evaluation of the new initiative, undertaken by FHI 360 as requested by the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India with the purpose of providing recommendations for its national scale-up. The objective of the evaluation was to identify operational issues, including service delivery mechanisms, program monitoring and record keeping at various levels. These objectives were achieved using quantitative and qualitative methods across six geographically representative states. The evaluation highlighted several operational challenges for the government of India to consider during scale-up. The packaging of the initiative’s contraceptive supply could be modified to highlight the price and to differentiate it from the free supply. Social marketing would improve community awareness and acceptance of the new charges. Reporting formats could be simplified, and develop guidelines on stock requisition and removal of free-supply stocks. The initiative is a promising strategy for addressing unmet family planning need and increasing the uptake