Risk Factors and Policy Challenges of Population Development in China

This report is aimed at analyzing the policy challenges based on a questionnaire survey for experts to identify the risk factors of population development in China.
Population prediction shows that China will maintain a relatively low fertility level in the future, while the population size would increase steadily in the coming 20 years, accompanying with a continuous and rapid aging.
Fifty experts from different research fields are surveyed to discriminate the risk factors related to population development. It’s accepted by most of the experts that population size is no longer the prominent constraint on China’s economic and social development. Instead, structural problems are becoming more and more obvious. The most worrying concerns are the accelerating population aging, the worsening employment market, the unbalanced sex ratio at birth, the floating population in the process of rapid urbanization.
Policy challenges to population development are discussed, and related policy options are provided with focus on establishing comprehensive decision-making mechanism and promoting sustainable development.