Understanding the drivers of change in sexual and reproductive health policy and legislation in Kenya

The study examined factors that drive/inhibit reforms in sexual and reproductive health (SRH) policymaking in Kenya in order to generate learning for future reform efforts. Three policymaking processes (Adolescent RH policy 2003; Sexual Offences Act 2006; National RH Policy 2007) were deconstructed. Data collection involved in-depth interviews with state/non-state policy actors, meeting notes and document review. Study revealed that four powerful framings of SRH – moral, cultural, medical and human rights - underpinned by interests of different actors mediate the interaction of actors, knowledge, and context, to determine possible SRH reforms. The moral and cultural framings, which are supported by contextually powerful institutions (government, parliament and religious) dominate SRH policymaking in Kenya. Although the medical framing has partially unsettled the moral/cultural frames to facilitate some reforms, it remains highly moralised, effectively marginalising sensitive issues. The rights framing is marginalised because it threatens the power of dominant actors (male politicians and religious leaders). For Kenya to realise comprehensive SRH policy reforms, efforts must focus on challenging underlying interests of control that underpin powerful framings and reframing rights in the less threatening medical/health arguments.