The Implementation of Rights to Health for Children With Disabilities (Study Cases in Bandung, West Java, Indonesia)

Abstract
People with disabilities in developing countries, is still a second-class citizen. They still have to fight for their rights as citizens. This research was about targeting children with disabilities especially those comes from lower economic. This research wanted to know how the implementation of their rights to health. The number of children with disabilities in Indonesia 2009 amounted to 631,425 children. The research was conducted in 2011 and using qualitative methods and indepth interviews. The Indonesian government has guaranteed the rights of citizens with disabilities are no exception in the Preamble to the Constitution of 1945 and Law No. 4 of 1997 regarding persons with disabilities. But until the research is written, a disregard for the fulfillment of the right to health care for children with disabilities are still going in the family, community and country. As we know, children are an asset of the nation and the future generation. Indonesian government is obliged to fulfill their rights as citizens.

Keywords: rights to health, children, disability
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Event ID
17
Session
Children and youth
Session 2
Population and human rights
Paper presenter
52 276
Type of Submissions
Regular session presentation, if not selected I agree to present my paper as a poster
Language of Presentation
English
Initial First Choice
Children and youth
Initial Second Choice
Population and human rights
Weight in Programme
1 000
Status in Programme
1

Adolescent and youth fertility and social inequality in Latin America and the Caribbean: what role has education played?

Abstract
According to the MDG monitoring system, Latin America and the Caribbean is the region that presents the highest adolescent and youth fertility rate (for women aged 15-19), only behind Sub-Saharan Africa, and last decade several countries had an increase in this rate. Besides presenting high level and resistance to the decline, youth fertility was at concern due to the large social inequality associated with it, since the probability of becoming a mother between ages of 15-19 years old in the poorest quintile was threefold compared to the wealthiest quintile. Last decade a number of countries have shown a decline in fertility and motherhood at young ages. The objective of this paper is to present a systematic inquiry regarding the trends of fertility and motherhood at adolescent and young ages and its social inequality in Latin American countries. Additionally, given the theoretical and political importance of education in adolescent reproduction, it aims to determine whether the decreases in fertility rates are due to direct and indirect impacts ("composition effect") of the advance in education. The results allow for a better prediction of the future of fertility indicators and its inequalities in the region that are invaluable for promoting public policies based on rights.
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Event ID
17
Session
Adolescent pregnancy and fertility
Session 2
Children and youth
Paper presenter
49 093
Language (Translated)
fr
Title (Translated)
-Adolescence, fécondité des jeunes et inégalités sociales en Amérique latine et aux Caraïbes : quel rôle pour l'éducation ?
Abstract (Translated)
-Selon le système de mesure de l'état d'avancement des OMD, l'Amérique latine et les Caraïbes sont les régions qui présentent le plus fort taux de fécondité adolescente (chez les 15-19 ans), juste derrière l'Afrique subsaharienne, et plusieurs pays ont vu ce taux augmenter au cours de la dernière décennie. Outre qu'elle se situe à un niveau élevé et qu'elle résiste au déclin, la fécondité des jeunes est une source de préoccupation dans la mesure où elle s'accompagne d'une forte inégalité sociale. En effet, la probabilité de devenir mère entre 15 et 19 ans dans le quintile le plus pauvre est trois fois plus élevé que dans le quintile le plus riche. Au cours de la dernière décennie, certains pays ont connu une baisse de la fécondité et de la maternité précoces. L'objectif de cette étude est d'examiner de manière systématique les tendances de la fécondité et de la maternité adolescentes et des inégalités sociales associées dans les pays d'Amérique latine. De plus, compte tenu de l'importance théorique et politique de l'éducation pour la reproduction chez l'adolescent, elle vise également à déterminer si la baisse des taux de fécondité est due à des effets directs et indirects (« effet de composition ») des progrès de l'éducation. Les résultats permettent d'améliorer les prévisions d'évolution des indicateurs de fécondité et des inégalités dans la région, particulièrement utiles pour la mise en œuvre de politiques publiques fondée sur les droits.

Status (Translated)
2
Type of Submissions
Regular session presentation, if not selected I agree to present my paper as a poster
Language of Presentation
English
First Choice History
Adolescent pregnancy and fertility
Initial First Choice
Adolescent pregnancy and fertility
Initial Second Choice
Children and youth
Weight in Programme
2
Status in Programme
1

The social distribution of life chances with Belgian children, 1991-1995 – 2004-2005

Abstract
There is convincing scientific evidence of a negative association between socio-economic position and mortality at different stages of life, especially adulthood. For children and adolescents, the evidence is less extensive and convincing as low levels of child mortality hinder detailed analyses. The aim of this study is to investigate the social patterning of Belgian child mortality using linked register data on mortality and census data on socioeconomic characteristics. The data for this analysis are rather exceptional outside the Scandinavian context and allow for an in-depth investigation of childhood inequalities. Several indicators of parental socioeconomic position and socio-demographic background are integrated and analyses are stratified in order to find out to what extent inequalities vary by sex and age group (0-4, 5-9 and 10-14). Integration of causes of death data provide additional clues on the origin of inequalities during childhood. Information is available for two periods in time (1991-1995 and 2001-2004), allowing for an examination of time trends in child mortality differences. The research results confirm the international patterns, differences generally being larger at young ages, among boys, for external causes and showing an increasing trend between the 1990s and the 2000s.
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Event ID
17
Session
Poster Session on Health, mortality and longevity (2)
Session 2
Children and youth
Paper presenter
56 146
Type of Submissions
Regular session presentation, if not selected I agree to present my paper as a poster
Language of Presentation
English
First Choice History
Assessing sex differences in childhood mortality
Initial First Choice
Assessing sex differences in childhood mortality
Initial Second Choice
Children and youth
Weight in Programme
1 000
Status in Programme
1

From exclusive breastfeeding to mixed feeding: narratives from mothers in Cape Coast, Ghana

Abstract
The World Health Organisation in 2003 recommended the practice of exclusive breastfeeding to mothers globally because of the numerous health benefits associated with the practice. As such, the Ghana Health Service also adopted the policy for implementation. Most Ghanaian babies are therefore breastfed exclusively. Introducing babies to other food substances after six months of exclusive breastfeeding can be very challenging. This paper reports on a study that explored the experiences of mothers in the Cape Coast Metropolis in Ghana and some of the challenges they faced. The paper draws on a purely qualitative study underpinned by a phenomenological framework. Data is derived from the narratives of twenty-five mothers who had successfully completed six months of exclusive breastfeeding and some of the challenges they experienced as they tried to introduce their babies to complementary food. The study discovered that the babies seem not ready for the complementary food, they cried continuously yet refused food whenever given, and some lost weight during the transition and others preferred only watery food. Advice from experienced mothers and health workers is recommended for mothers in this transitional stage of their infants’ life for their babies to adapt smoothly to the complementary food.
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Event ID
17
Session
Life-course influences on health and mortality
Session 2
Children and youth
Paper presenter
54 625
Type of Submissions
Regular session presentation, if not selected I agree to present my paper as a poster
Language of Presentation
English
First Choice History
Life-course influences on health and mortality
Initial First Choice
Life-course influences on health and mortality
Initial Second Choice
Children and youth
Weight in Programme
1 000
Status in Programme
1

Parental resource allocation and spillovers of milk fortification program in Mexico – a population based assessment

Abstract
In Mexico, an estimated 50% of preschool children and 25% of school age children are anemic. Anemia is associated with a number of adverse health and economic consequences. The Mexican government implemented a social assistance program called Liconsa to enhance the nutritional status of low-income families by providing subsidized and fortified whole milk, especially to children under 12 years. While the efficiency and long term effectiveness of the program has been evaluated elsewhere, the study of spillovers from fortified Liconsa milk on outcomes of other household members has not been explored. In 2006, 74.8% beneficiaries of Liconsa were children and adolescents. However, evidence of spillovers to other household members is strong: 18.8% of adults aged 20-29 years, 21.8% of 30-39years and 40-49% of 20-29 years reported drinking liconsa milk the previous week. The main aim of the paper is to assess the potential externalities of this intervention on anemia (and labor market outcomes) for other household members and explore the consequences for the estimation of the effect of the project on the beneficiaries. To examine these assumptions, we analyzed individual level data from Mexico’s Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Nutricion in 2006 and assess the impact on three different groups using a fixed-effect model.
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Event ID
17
Session
Public policies and programmes: How far do children benefit from these?
Session 2
Children and youth
Paper presenter
51 920
Type of Submissions
Regular session presentation, if not selected I agree to present my paper as a poster
Language of Presentation
English
First Choice History
Parental and public investment in children and adolescents
Initial First Choice
Parental and public investment in children and adolescents
Initial Second Choice
Children and youth
Weight in Programme
2
Status in Programme
1

Spatio-temporal Analysis of the Occurrence of Vaccine Preventable Childhood Killer Diseases in Osun State, Nigeria

Abstract
Efforts at controlling vaccine preventable childhood killer diseases (VPCKDs) in Nigeria; have not yielded desired results. This is partly attributable to macro level policy formulation without recourse to spatial peculiarities; hence this study which examined their spatio-temporal patterns of VPCKDs in Osun State, Nigeria. Primary and secondary data were used. The primary data were obtained from questionnaire on households and in-depth interview with head of the State’s immunisation programme and selected immunization centres. Multi-stage sampling procedure was used to select 200 respondents to the questionnaire. The main secondary data used were records of the monthly reported cases of the diseases (diphtheria, measles, pertussis, poliomyelitis, tetanus and tuberculosis) from the 30 LGAs in the State between 2001and 2010. Results show a significant temporal variation in occurrence (measles, F=25868.49, p<0.05; pertussis, F=681.30, p<0.05; tetanus, F=186.66, p<0.05; tuberculosis, F=63.86, p<0.05; and polio, F=24.13, p<0.05. Also, there exists spatial variation in occurrence of the diseases; measles (F=154866.36, p<0.05; pertussis, F=3750.65, p<0.05; tetanus, F=1001.83, p<0.05; tuberculosis, F=261.70, p<0.05; polio, F=88.39, p<0.05 and diphtheria, F=19.68, p<0.05). Hence, the need to factor spatial peculiarities into control
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Event ID
17
Session
The impact of health interventions and programmes on mortality
Session 2
Children and youth
Paper presenter
50 585
Type of Submissions
Regular session presentation, if not selected I agree to present my paper as a poster
Language of Presentation
English
First Choice History
The impact of health interventions and programmes on mortality
Initial First Choice
The impact of health interventions and programmes on mortality
Initial Second Choice
Children and youth
Weight in Programme
1 000
Status in Programme
1

Effectiveness of milk fortification program in Mexico on child anemia and cognitive development – a population based assessment

Abstract
This paper examines the effectiveness of a national milk fortification program in Mexico, and the impact on anemia and cognitive outcomes among children. In Mexico, anemia is prevalent in pre- and school-aged children and women. As iron deficiency anemia can be linked to many negative health and non-health outcomes, such as poor cognitive development, food fortification programs have been introduced to improve iron status of children. Liconsa is a social assistance program in Mexico that provides subsidized fortified milk, especially to children under 12 years of age. The objective of our study is to assess the population-level effectiveness of the Liconsa milk fortification program on child anemia and cognitive development. With nationally representative longitudinal health surveys from Mexico, we estimated the effect of being a Liconsa beneficiary household, and the effect of the intervention of fortification of Liconsa milk on anemia and long-term child cognitive development using the modified Poisson model with robust error variance. Results show that males had significantly reduced risk of anemia. There were also significant positive effects of receiving Liconsa milk in 2002 on the reduced risk of anemia measured in 2005 and increased cognitive test scores for children aged 5 and older.
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Event ID
17
Session
Assessing sex differences in childhood mortality
Session 2
Children and youth
Paper presenter
51 920
Type of Submissions
Regular session presentation, if not selected I agree to present my paper as a poster
Language of Presentation
English
Initial First Choice
Assessing sex differences in childhood mortality
Initial Second Choice
Children and youth
Weight in Programme
1 000
Status in Programme
1

Blood Pressure Status of youth in Accra: the role of physical activity and body mass index

Abstract
Physical inactivity and obesity in adolescence predispose individuals to cardiovascular diseases in later life however research among the youth is scanty. This study explores the blood pressure (BP) levels and its associations with physical activity (PA) and body mass index (BMI) amongst the youth (15-24 years) of Accra. PA levels were accessed as well as Height, weight and BP was measured in 201 subjects, using the Edulink Urban Health and Poverty project questionnaire. Descriptive and chi-square analyses, multiple linear and binary logistic regression analyses are used to determine the factors influencing BP levels. There are cases of pre-hypertension among the youth in Accra though about four –fifths are normotensive. PA levels did not influence BP levels, however, higher BMI and older youth had above normal BP. This suggests the need for health measures to tackle the cases of BP increase and related consequences from becoming major public health burdens.
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Event ID
17
Session
Children and youth
Session 2
Child health in urban areas
Paper presenter
52 791
Type of Submissions
Regular session presentation, if not selected I agree to present my paper as a poster
Language of Presentation
English
Initial First Choice
Children and youth
Initial Second Choice
Child health in urban areas
Weight in Programme
1 000
Status in Programme
1

Cosmetics utilization pattern and related adverse reactions among female university students

Abstract
Cosmetics are articles applied to the human body for cleansing, beautifying or promoting attractiveness. Studies showed that cosmetics are causing alarming adverse reactions to consumers. The study aimed to assess cosmetics utilization pattern and common cosmetics related adverse reactions among female university students. A cross-sectional study was conducted on participants selected by stratified and then systematic sampling technique. Data were collected by using semi-structured questionnaire through trained pharmacists. Epi-info 3.5.1 and SPSS version-12 were used for data entry and analysis, respectively. The study showed that 710(97.8%) of the participants had a habit of using cosmetics. Most frequently used cosmetics were body lotions(76.0%) and deodorants(74.0%). Adverse reactions were encountered by 131(18.4%) of cosmetics users primarily on their face and hair mainly due to deodorant and lotion. There was a significant association between economic status of the students and cosmetics use. Occurrence of cosmetics related adverse reactions was significantly associated with the number of cosmetics used per day, source of cosmetics and cosmetics sharing. A significant proportion the users suffered from cosmetics related adverse reactions. The students need to be aware on rational cosmetics utilization practices.

confirm funding
Event ID
17
Session
Poster session on Children and youth
Paper presenter
35 426
Type of Submissions
Regular session presentation, if not selected I agree to present my paper as a poster
Language of Presentation
English
Initial First Choice
Children and youth
Weight in Programme
5
Status in Programme
1

Levels of deprivation in child wellbeing in East Africa

Abstract
Child wellbeing has mostly been identified and measured using uni-dimensional approaches which overlook the multidimensional nature and severity of child deprivation. This study uses a multi-dimensional measure of child deprivation that enables comparison of levels in child deprivation across countries. The study uses DHS data and the focus is on four East Africa countries (Kenya, Tanzania, Rwanda and Uganda). Deprivation is assessed for three age groups (0-4, 5-14 and 15-16) using five dimensions: basic health, water and sanitation, nutrition, education, and social protection. Results at uni-dimensional level show that child protection and health dimensions have the highest deprivation level while nutrition and water/sanitation have the least deprivation level. Children aged 0-4 are least deprived while children aged 15-18 are the most deprived. Results at multi-dimensional level show that Rwanda has the least deprivation level while Uganda has the highest among the three age-groups. The findings demonstrate that child deprivation is high in the region and is a function of multiple health-related dimensions. In order to reduce deprivation, there is need to roll out complex (multi-dimension) intervention programs across the study countries.
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Event ID
17
Session
Children and youth
Session 2
Population and poverty
Paper presenter
53 099
Type of Submissions
Regular session presentation, if not selected I agree to present my paper as a poster
Language of Presentation
English
First Choice History
Children and youth
Initial First Choice
Children and youth
Initial Second Choice
Population and poverty
Weight in Programme
1
Status in Programme
1
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