Role of Urbanisation for Reproductive Health care Utilization: the case of Northeastern part of India

Abstract
Present study investigates the main reason behind why is it reproductive health problems are relatively more in the Mongolian decent tribal dominated remote area of Northeastern India. It is well known that Northeastern part of India is lagging behind in almost all socio-economic indicators compared with mainland India, which is a serious concerned that probably linked with reproductive health care utilization. Three fundamental reproductive health care indicators like Antenatal care (ANC), Institutional Delivery (ID) and Postnatal care (PNC) are selected as independent variables to understand the ground reality of mother’s health seeking behaviour. Selected potential determinant variables includes: accessibility, poverty, availability of health care facility, female literacy, urbanisation and concentration of tribal population in the region. Various nationally representative data like: National Family Health Survey-3 (NFHS-3), Censuses of India-2001& 2011, Ministry of Transport & Highway and District Level Household Survey-3 (DLHS-3) are utilized for the analysis. Statistical validity like correlation coefficient has been tested by using SPSS-7, which proved that there exist significant relationship between reproductive health care utilization and urbanisation in this geographically isolated part of India.
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Event ID
17
Session
Sexuality and reproductive health
Session 2
Improving reproductive health services: Is integration with primary healthcare better than vertical programmes?
Paper presenter
50 391
Type of Submissions
Regular session presentation, if not selected I agree to present my paper as a poster
Language of Presentation
English
Initial First Choice
Sexuality and reproductive health
Initial Second Choice
Improving reproductive health services: Is integration with primary healthcare better than vertical programmes?
Weight in Programme
1 000
Status in Programme
1

Gender Inequality and Adolescent Pregnancy: the experience of low income young women and men in three Brazilian towns.

Abstract
In our work we investigated how unequal gender relations increase both young men and women chances of dealing with a pregnancy during adolescence. In our analysis we used data from a survey with a sample of 450 young women and 300 young men between 15 and 29 years of age from low income households in three different middle sized towns located in Minas Gerais, a state in southeast Brazil. One town is located in the metropolitan area of Belo Horizonte (the state capital), another one is located in the impoverished north region of the state and the other in the wealthier, more developed south. We found that young women had a much higher prevalence of teenage pregnancy (30.4%) than young men (9.1%). Our results also indicated that the presence of control and violence from a partner is related to a higher prevalence of adolescent pregnancy among young women. Likewise, among young men, those who declared to have had a controlling or violent behavior towards a partner were also more likely to have gotten a partner pregnant before they were 20 years old themselves. Our results reinforce the importance of understanding the impact of gender inequality on young men’s and women’s sexual and reproductive health.
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Event ID
17
Session
Adolescent pregnancy and fertility
Session 2
Sexuality and reproductive health
Paper presenter
53 588
Language (Translated)
fr
Title (Translated)
Inégalité de genre et grossesses adolescentes : l’expérience de jeunes hommes et femmes à faibles revenus dans trois villes du Brésil
Abstract (Translated)
Dans cette étude, nous avons examiné comment l’inégalité de genre augmente les risques pour les jeunes hommes comme pour les jeunes filles d’être confrontés à une grossesse au cours de leur adolescence. Nous avons utilisé les données tirées d’une enquête portant sur un échantillon de 450 jeunes femmes et de 300 jeunes hommes âgés de 15 à 29 ans et issus de ménages à faibles revenus de trois villes moyennes du Minas Gerais, un état du sud est du Brésil. Une des villes se trouve dans la zone métropolitaine de Belo Horizonte (capitale de l’état), une autre se trouve dans la région pauvre au nord de l’état, et l’autre au sud, plus développé et plus riche. Nous avons observé que la prévalence des grossesses adolescentes était beaucoup plus élevée chez les jeunes femmes (30,4%) que chez les jeunes hommes (9,1%). Nos résultats ont également montré que chez les jeunes filles qui subissent un contrôle et la violence d’un partenaire, la prévalence des grossesses adolescentes était plus élevée encore. De même, chez les jeunes hommes, ceux qui déclarent avoir eu un comportement violent ou avoir exercé un contrôle de leur partenaire sont également les plus susceptibles d’avoir mis une partenaire enceinte avant d’atteindre eux-mêmes l’âge de 20 ans. Nos résultats mettent en lumière l’importance d’une meilleure compréhension de l’impact de l’inégalité de genre sur la santé sexuelle et reproductive des jeunes hommes et des jeunes femmes.
Status (Translated)
2
Type of Submissions
Regular session only
Language of Presentation
English
First Choice History
Adolescent pregnancy and fertility
Initial First Choice
Adolescent pregnancy and fertility
Initial Second Choice
Sexuality and reproductive health
Weight in Programme
1 000
Status in Programme
1

Substance use and risky sexual behaviours among sexually experienced Ghanaian youth

Abstract
The association between risky sexual behaviours and substance uses among Ghanaian youth were investigated.
An in-school cross-sectional representative survey was conducted among 12-18-year- old youth (N=1165, response rate =90%). Logistic regression analyses were employed to investigate the association between substance use and risky sexual behaviours.
Of all adolescents, 25% (28% boys and 23% girls) were sexually experienced. The mean age for first sexual intercourse was 14.8 years (14.4 years for boys and 15.1 years for girls). Among the sexually experienced, 31% had multiple sexual partners. Older age (OR=3.4, 95% CI=1.7-3.4) and rural residency (OR=1.5, 95% CI=1.1-2.1) were independently associated with sexual debut while only older age (OR=2.4, 95% CI=1.7-3.4) was associated with condom use. Additionally, smoking (OR=3.7, 95% CI=2.0-6.8), tawa use (OR=2.4, 95% CI=1.3-4.7), tobacco use (OR=2.8, 95% CI=1.7-4.7) drunkenness (OR=1.7, 95% CI=1.1-2.8) and marijuana use (OR=3.3, 95% CI=1.6-7.0) were independently associated with sexual debut. Furthermore, all substance uses studied were associated with having one or multiple sexual partners.
Substance use seems to be a gateway for risky sexual behaviours among adolescents. Interventions should take into account the likelihood of substance use among sexually experienced youth.
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Event ID
17
Session
The determinants of health behaviours among adolescents
Session 2
Sexuality and reproductive health
Paper presenter
53 573
Type of Submissions
Regular session presentation, if not selected I agree to present my paper as a poster
Language of Presentation
English
First Choice History
The determinants of health behaviours among adolescents
Initial First Choice
The determinants of health behaviours among adolescents
Initial Second Choice
Sexuality and reproductive health
Weight in Programme
1 000
Status in Programme
1

A reversal in the population policy of Iran: Do curbing family planning programs raise low fertility?

Abstract
Following a persistent low fertility rate in the country over the past decade, Iranian leaders recently proposed a shift from an anti- to a pro-natalist population policy. Consequently, conservative political and religious leaders suggested curbing the current family planning program, as a solution to raising the country’s low fertility rate. Using data from two recent large-scale surveys of fertility and fertility intentions and decomposing the relative contributions of proximate determinants of fertility, this study aims to show that any limitations in the provision of family planning services will be unlikely to help increase the current low fertility rate for three main reasons: a high rate of marriage postponement, increasing male involvements in contraceptive use, and a wide spread of low fertility intentions. The study will also identify sub-groups of women who will face greater levels of unintended pregnancies and clandestine induced abortions, if the family planning services are limited. Finally, the new government’s population program, known as “reproductive health”, will be described and discussed.
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Event ID
17
Session
Repositioning family planning
Session 2
Sexuality and reproductive health
Paper presenter
50 242
Type of Submissions
Regular session presentation, if not selected I agree to present my paper as a poster
Language of Presentation
English
First Choice History
Repositioning family planning
Initial First Choice
Repositioning family planning
Initial Second Choice
Sexuality and reproductive health
Weight in Programme
1
Status in Programme
1

Missing the Male Gender: Does the Reproductive Health Communication and Promotion Approach Respond to the need to Involve Males? Haregewoin Fatahun and Getachew Alemu

Abstract
Since the early 1990s there has been a growing interest in the role of men in reproductive health. The 1994 Cairo International Conference on Population and Development, and the 1995 Beijing Fourth World Conference on Women formally recognized the key role of men in promoting better reproductive health for men and women, women empowerment and gender equality. The failure of reproductive health communication and promotion efforts to promote men’s and women’s needs and rights equally may lead to male exclusion. Males may remain not informed of their reproductive health roles and responsibilities and may not bring the desired behavioral change which is decisive for improved gender relations and positive reproductive health outcomes. This paper thus aims at analyzing the reproductive health communication and promotion discourses to see how males are represented / constructed. It also attempts to examine the social construction of male involvement in reproductive health. To do so, the content and structure of reproductive health policy and program documents, and public messages will be analyzed. Primary data will also be obtained from reproductive health education lessons and in-depth individual interviews in the rural areas of Ethiopia. The findings of the study are intended to have implications to reproductive health program
confirm funding
Event ID
17
Session
Sexual and reproductive health services to meet men’s needs
Session 2
Sexuality and reproductive health
Paper presenter
53 556
Type of Submissions
Regular session presentation, if not selected I agree to present my paper as a poster
Language of Presentation
English
First Choice History
Sexual and reproductive health services to meet men’s needs
Initial First Choice
Sexual and reproductive health services to meet men’s needs
Initial Second Choice
Sexuality and reproductive health
Weight in Programme
1 000
Status in Programme
1

Where are HIV services? a question by every one person among ten Ugandans

Abstract
Despite the continued enormous financial investment, through both local and donor funding, into HIV prevention and care services in Uganda, prevalence rates are rising. Knowledge of HIV determines both uptake of HIV prevention services and behavioural change. We assessed knowledge of HIV service sites and testing benefits among Ugandans at community level. 5320 adult participants randomly selected were involved in the study. Twelve percent had no knowledge of any HIV service site accessible to them, while only 4.4% knew at least 50% of eight benefits of HIV testing, 35% of those without any idea of the benefits of HIV testing did not know HIV service sources. Knowledge of HIV services sources was dependent on age, level of education and marital status with teens being least knowledgeable. Findings of this study indicate need for change of HIV prevention strategies as well as need for teen focus programs.
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Event ID
17
Session
Nuanced approaches to HIV/AIDS research
Session 2
Sexuality and reproductive health
Paper presenter
51 011
Type of Submissions
Regular session presentation, if not selected I agree to present my paper as a poster
Language of Presentation
English
Initial First Choice
Nuanced approaches to HIV/AIDS research
Initial Second Choice
Sexuality and reproductive health
Weight in Programme
1 000
Status in Programme
1

Commercial sex among involuntary male bachelors: some evidence from an exploratory survey in rural China

Abstract
Using data from a survey in rural China, this study analyzes commercial sex experiences and condom use behaviors among involuntary male bachelors in comparison to married men. Our findings indicate that the prevalence of commercial sex among unmarried men is significantly higher than that among married, and marital status being almost the only significant variable for predicting the prevalence of commercial sex. It also appears that, while the vast majority of sexual intercourses are still unprotected, condom use rate is even lower among unmarried men than among the married, and it is strongly associated with the knowledge of Sexually Transmitted Diseases’ (STDs), age, education and income. This means that in a context of male marriage squeeze, commercial sex is becoming one of the important ways for the involuntary bachelors to meet their sexual needs and they are obviously facing much higher risks of disease transmission during their sexual intercourses.


confirm funding
Event ID
17
Session
Sexuality and reproductive health
Session 2
Sexual behaviours and the spread of sexually transmitted infections, including HIV
Paper presenter
52 117
Type of Submissions
Regular session presentation, if not selected I agree to present my paper as a poster
Language of Presentation
English
Initial First Choice
Sexuality and reproductive health
Initial Second Choice
Sexual behaviours and the spread of sexually transmitted infections, including HIV
Weight in Programme
1 000
Status in Programme
1

Media Exposure Influencing Health Services Utilization of Indian Women: Evidence from a Nation-Wide Survey

Abstract
Mass media plays an effective role in creating awareness and influencing beliefs, attitudes and practices. Since it is an effective instrument in guiding social norms, it is equally important for behavioural change. The present study focuses on antenatal care, institutional delivery, immunisation, family planning services and ultrasound test.  It aims  to study the effect of media exposure on health services utilisation by women in India. The paper is based on data from a Nation-wide survey, District Level Household Survey (DLHS)-3, 2007-08. Simple cross tabulation and bi-variate analysis has been done. The preliminary findings show that there is a positive association between education and ANC (Anti natal care) and Institutional delivery. There is a significant influence of economic status on health services utilisation especially on ANC, Family Planning, Institutional delivery and ultrasound test. The findings demonstrates that improvements in socio-economic conditions are a pre-requisite for enhancing access to health services.
confirm funding
Event ID
17
Session
Sexuality and reproductive health
Session 2
Improving reproductive health services: Is integration with primary healthcare better than vertical programmes?
Paper presenter
52 793
Type of Submissions
Regular session presentation, if not selected I agree to present my paper as a poster
Language of Presentation
English
Initial First Choice
Sexuality and reproductive health
Initial Second Choice
Improving reproductive health services: Is integration with primary healthcare better than vertical programmes?
Weight in Programme
1 000
Status in Programme
1

Delivery and Post Delivery Complications and their health seeking behavior in West Bengal, India

Abstract
In most of the developing countries especially in case of India delivery leads large proportion of maternal mortality and morbidity. The area taken into consideration for this study is West Bengal, India. The paper is based on DLHS data round three conducted in the year 2007-08. The aims of this paper are to examine the level of delivery and post-delivery complications among currently married women and also to analyse treatment seeking behaviour of these women. The result indicates that large number of women in West Bengal suffers from complications. Almost half of the women deliver their child at home without been attended by trained workers. It has been realised that the level of care required for the women during their delivery is not provided. While stating the reason behind not availing the institution for delivery, it appeared that 40 percent did not find that as necessary and 31 percent did not get time to go. The importance of mass awareness campaign regarding safe and institutional delivery is recognised. The quality of services in government hospital should be improved. It is recommended that in order to have a safe home delivery, there should be sufficient trained workers who can conduct delivery in a hygienic manner and refer to a hospital during emergency in the case of complication.
confirm funding
Event ID
17
Session
Sexuality and reproductive health
Session 2
Multiple faces of the health transition
Paper presenter
53 413
Type of Submissions
Regular session presentation, if not selected I agree to present my paper as a poster
Language of Presentation
English
Initial First Choice
Sexuality and reproductive health
Initial Second Choice
Multiple faces of the health transition
Weight in Programme
1 000
Status in Programme
1

“Daddy, Today We Have a Match!” Women’s Agentic Skills in Initiating Sexual Intercourse in an Urban Community in Ghana

Abstract
This paper investigates women’s sexual behaviour to demonstrate how different forms of agentic skills are employed in initiating sexual intercourse. Drawing on the narratives of 25 married women aged 25 to 52 years in an urban community in Accra, Ghana, findings reveal that women are active initiators of sexual intercourse although there are some silences about their sexuality. Consistent with other studies, the present work shows that a significant number of women have experienced sexual abuse which impacts negatively on their sexual reception within marital relationships. Differences in socio-demographic profile (such as Age, marital status, commitment to moral and religious values), past sexual experience, partners’ understanding, being in a ‘bad mood for sex, and menstrual cycle create different barriers to sex initiation amongst different categories of women. Compared with older women, younger women were more likely to initiate sex with their partners, and held low commitment to religious beliefs. For the older women, high commitment to upholding moral and religious values posed major barriers to sex initiation. Yet within all these constraints, women exercised differential agentic skills in initiating sexual contact in marriage.
confirm funding
Event ID
17
Session
Sexuality and reproductive health
Session 2
Gender and population
Paper presenter
53 216
Type of Submissions
Regular session presentation, if not selected I agree to present my paper as a poster
Language of Presentation
English
Initial First Choice
Sexuality and reproductive health
Initial Second Choice
Gender and population
Weight in Programme
1 000
Status in Programme
1
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