Global migration trends and determinants

This paper will focus in the complex relation between Nation(s) and Algerian Diaspora(s) in France. It will argue that Diaspora(s) interacts problematically both with French and Algerian societies and identities. In so doing, it (trans)forms Alternative Narratives on Nation. This is clear in the context of reconfiguration of identity in Algeria after the Civil War. So it is in the current context: Even if the Arab Spring has not produced as radical change in Algeria as in other countries, it has nonetheless provoked a surge of public debates and manifestations both in Algeria and France. A serious consideration demonstrates the constant inter-action of Diaspora with Algerian politics and formation of alternative narratives on Nation(s). The first section will be based on an ethnographic fieldwork in two cities of origin (Algiers and Bejaia from June to September 2009) and destination (Marseilles, May to August 2007) of Algerian Diaspora in France. Even if the "Life Stories" obtained in the fieldwork will be the centre of Analyses, We'll complement it with the lhe last section in wich we will apply discourse analysis to debates on National Reconciliation - made by Algerian Officials and Bi-national Press and Diaspora-associations' spokespersons. This will demonstrate the political presence of Diaspora in the national Arena

Many studies conducted in western developed countries have elucidated that racial discrimination is a significant factor for racial minorities’ health outcomes. However, no research addressed the relationship between perceived discrimination of racial minority groups and health despite the growing influx of migrants in South Korea. Drastic transition toward multicultural society in requires researchers to explore the relationship in Korean context. This study aims to consider the relationship between immigrant workers’ perceived discrimination and depression. The data were collected from a self-administered survey with the questionnaire that consists of 46 questions asking perceived discrimination, depression, health behaviors, and socio-economic status. We found that perceived discrimination experience is significantly related to worsen mental health conducting multiple logistic regression analysis.

In explaining the health trajectory of immigrant populations in the U.S., the conventional acculturation theory (uni-dimensional model) has been prevailing. According to this theory, immigrants who are selectively healthy at migration tend to adopt health-deteriorating U.S. culture and behaviours, as their acculturation proceeds. Although there have been arguments that acculturation process may be segmented by their social characteristics (e.g. race, nationality, socioeconomic status and time/age at migration), such perspective has rarely been applied in understanding the health of immigrant populations. Therefore, this study examines if the health trajectory of Asian immigrant populations is different by the segments of acculturation process. The hypotheses are (1) Asian immigrants whose SES is low at migration show a deteriorating health trajectory as they are more acculturated to the U.S. society, and (2) Asian immigrants whose SES is high at migration show a progressive, or at least non-deteriorating, health trajectory as they are more acculturated.

Whilst studies have shown that migration is often undertaken as a livelihood strategy amongst transnational families in Southeast Asia, little has been explored concerning the role and implications of debt on patterns of everyday remittance use. Drawing on qualitative and quantitative data from the CHAMPSEA (Child Health and Migrant Parents in Southeast Asia) study in Thailand and Vietnam, this paper seeks to unpack the relationship between debt, remittance use, and migration as a strategy of poverty alleviation. Although the results from our survey indicated that a significant proportion of actual remittance use planned for uses such as children’s education, house building or subsistence needs was diverted towards debt repayment, a closer look at the qualitative data revealed a more complicated picture concerning the nature of debt in two distinct but overlapping ways: debt as entrapment (whereby debt is perpetuated as a vicious cycle of poverty); and debt as strategy (whereby the household undertakes deliberate decisions to purchase material investments through instalment loans). These findings emphasise the complex nature of migration, whilst highlighting the need for studies on migration and development to incorporate a more nuanced understanding of debt concerning household decision-making practices and remittance use.

The notion of uniting Indonesian diaspora around the world has recently been declared in the Congress of Indonesian Diaspora held by Indonesian embassy in USA in 2012. It has been initiated in order to assist the national development. As a result, it is important to have sufficient knowledge about the global Indonesian diaspora. Nevertheless, there is still little known about it specifically in terms of its actual sizes and compositions, including in the context of Australia. This paper attempts to contribute to fill in this gap by analysing migration patterns and several specific demographic factors among Indonesian community in Australia as part of the largest integrated Asian community in this country. Hypotheses on selection, adaptation, disruption, and socialization effects are utilized in the analysis. The study will explore two different data sources, Australian census and Indonesian embassy registration data.

This paper aims to understand the effects of south-south remittances on the sending areas in two countries in Latin America, Bolivia and Paraguay. We provide a description of the changing patterns of sending and receiving remittances in the south of Latin America considering different moments in the decade, 2005 and 2010. The paper present a detailed analysis of the effects of remittances on labor force participation and investment in order to discuss the relationship among development, remittances and migration circuits in the south of Latin America. We use a nationally-representative household data set from Bolivia and Paraguay. Analytical work on the impact of remittances is complex due to the intrinsic endogeneity and selection bias involved in decisions surrounding migration and remittances. To meet these various methodological challenges we perform propensity score matching.

For thirteen Hispanic, Asian, and Caribbean immigrant groups, this paper examines the process of immigrant dispersion during the 1990s, focusing on place factors associated with settlement in areas where no group members lived in 1990. The objective is to evaluate the relative importance of economic, demographic, social and co-ethnic correlates of pioneer settlement in new destinations and the extent to which these processes vary across immigrant groups. Using confidential decennial Census data, each of 741 labor markets are classified as unsettled or “empty” for each immigrant group if it had no members there in 1990. For each of the 13 groups, Zero-inflated Poisson (ZIP) regressions are estimated to specify the characteristics of labor markets that received higher counts of pioneer settlers. The major determinants include distance from a group’s closest top-5 gateway, size of population in 1990, economic characteristics, native-born population growth, and the settlement history of other ethnic populations.

Emigration to other countries, particularly to Europe, from Turkey has been going on since the beginning of 1960’s.
Surplus of young population and continuous unemployment problems in the country has been encouraging the tendency of emigration. As a result of this, legal and illegal emigration to other countries is still lasting.
The aim of this study to analyze emigration to other countries from Turkey and find out the economic reasons of it. For this reason, especially, the emigration in Turkey will be shown through statistical data according to the years. Secondly, the reasons for socio-economic conditions which cause the emigration. Third and last section, the economical and social renovation in the source country (Turkey) will be investigated and the impacts on the host countries will also be analyzed.

Period total fertility has been recovering in Europe since the early 21st century and the role of immigration has been questioned in this regard. In this paper we aimed to study the extent to which mothers of foreign descent contributed to this recovery of period fertility in the Flemish Region of Belgium. Besides calculating fertility rates for different nationality groups, we furthermore proposed a method to indirectly assess the impact of births to foreign women on age-specific and total fertility in a context where this information is lacking. Results show first that fertility in the Flemish Region of Belgium is minimally affected by women of foreign nationality. Second, we find that period fertility would also have recovered if naturalized women would not have given birth. We conclude that the fertility recovery is mainly due to the increase of the fertility of women over 30 and reduced fertility postponement among native women.

Period total fertility has been recovering in Europe since the early 21st century and the role of immigration has been questioned in this regard. In this paper we aimed to study the extent to which mothers of foreign descent contributed to this recovery of period fertility in the Flemish Region of Belgium. Besides calculating fertility rates for different nationality groups, we furthermore proposed a method to indirectly assess the impact of births to foreign women on age-specific and total fertility in a context where this information is lacking. Results show first that fertility in the Flemish Region of Belgium is minimally affected by women of foreign nationality. Second, we find that period fertility would also have recovered if naturalized women would not have given birth. We conclude that the fertility recovery is mainly due to the increase of the fertility of women over 30 and reduced fertility postponement among native women.